斑节对虾Toll9受体基因免疫功能的研究与表达分析

Toll受体蛋白(Toll receptors)是一类重要的模式识别受体,在无脊椎动物先天性免疫系统中发挥重要作用。文章对斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)新型Toll9受体基因(Pm Toll9)进行了研究:以人源胚胎肾细胞(HEK293T)成功构建体外细胞免疫模型,通过免疫印迹方法证实Pm Toll9重组真核蛋白可在HEK293T中成功表达。双荧光素酶报告系统检测发现在200 ng转染浓度处Pm Toll9对NF-κB报告基因的激活效果显著。q RT-PCR数据证明PmToll9成功激活HEK293T细胞Toll-like receptor(TLR)信号通路,促进通路下游髓样分化因子(My D88)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和白介素(IL-10)的上调表达,同时酶联免疫吸附测定结果证明Pm Toll9可促进TNF-α蛋白表达水平显著上调。斑节对虾体内细菌刺激实验结果显示无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)可激活Pm Toll9在肝胰腺、肠、淋巴和鳃中的表达,哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)可显著抑制Pm Toll9在肝胰腺中的表达。提示无乳链球菌可通过Pm Toll9激活Toll信号通路,引起机体免疫防御反应,而哈维氏弧菌对此过程具有一定的抑制作用。     

A New Bioassay Platform Design for the Discovery of Small Molecules with Anticancer Immunotherapeutic Activity

Immunotherapy takes advantage of the immune system to prevent, control, and eliminate neoplastic cells. The research in the field has already led to major breakthroughs to treat cancer. In this work, we describe a platform that integrates in vitro bioassays to test the immune response and direct antitumor effects for the preclinical discovery of anticancer candidates. The platform relies on the use of dendritic cells that are professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) able to activate T cells and trigger a primary adaptive immune response. The experimental procedure is based on two phenotypic assays for the selection of chemical leads by both a panel of nine tumor cell lines and growth factor-dependent immature mouse dendritic cells (D1). The positive hits are then validated by a secondary test on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). The aim of this approach is the selection of potential immunotherapeutic small molecules from natural extracts or chemical libraries.     

基于元胞自动机模型的土地利用情景模拟与驱动力分析

土地利用格局的形成过程比其最终形成的结果更为重要。本文以哈尔滨市双城区为例，利用不同时期的土地利用数据，在土地利用变化关键驱动因素分析的基础上，选取了对土地利用变化影响较大的距离变量、邻近土地利用类型数量、单元自然属性、社会经济因素等4方面14个驱动力因子，建立了基于元胞自动机(CA)与人工神经网络(ANN)相结合的土地利用空间格局模拟模型。在此基础上，对研究区自然禀赋、社会经济快速发展、基本农田保护及土地利用规划等不同情景驱动机制下的土地利用空间格局进行了时空模拟，以此解析土地利用变化过程与驱动力因素的响应关系。模拟结果显示：自然禀赋情景下，各地类变化趋势与现在保持一致；在社会经济快速发展情景下，建设用地面积增加明显，主要由旱地和其他用地转入；在基本农田保护情景下，耕地面积比较稳定，各地类变化趋势较为缓和；在土地利用规划情景下，各地类变化较为合理，兼顾耕地保护和经济发展。研究结果显示，该方法对哈尔滨市双城区土地利用格局变化的驱动机制具有较好的解释作用。     

Differential Cl−/Salt Tolerance and NaCl‐Induced Alternations of Tissue and Cellular Ion Fluxes in Glycine max,Glycine soja and their Hybrid Seedlings

The salt‐sensitive Glycine max N23674 cultivar, the salt‐born Glycine soja BB52 population, and their hybrid 4076 strain (F₅) selected for salt tolerance generation by generation were used as the experimental materials in this study. First, the effects of NaCl stress on seed germination, tissue damage, and time‐course ionic absorption and transportation were compared. When qualitatively compared with seed germination appearance in culture dishes, and tissue damages on roots or leaves of seedlings, or quantitatively compared with the relative salt injury rate, the inhibition on N23674 was all the most remarkable. After the exposure of 140 mm NaCl for 1 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 2 days and 4 days, the content of Cl^? gradually increased in the roots and leaves of seedlings of BB52, 4076 and 23674. Interestingly, the extents of the Cl^? rise in roots of the three experimental soybean materials were BB52 > 4076 > N23674, whereas those in leaves were just on the contrary. Secondly, by using the scanning ion‐selective electrode technique (SIET), fluxes of Na⁺ and Cl^? in roots and protoplasts isolated from roots and leaves were also investigated among the three experimental soybean materials. After 140 mm NaCl stress for 2, 4 and 6 days, and when compared with N23674, slighter net Cl^? influxes were observed in root tissue and protoplasts of roots and leaves of BB52 and 4076 seedlings, especially at the cellular protoplast level. The results indicate that with regard to the ionic effect of NaCl stress, Cl^? was the main determinant salt ion for salt tolerance in G. soja, G. max and their hybrid, and the difference in their Cl^?/salt tolerance is mainly attributed to the capacity of Cl^? restriction to the plant above‐ground parts such as leaves.     

逼近水力机械特性的一种新方法

针对现有曲线逼近方法的不足，本文给出一种基于元胞自动机原理的曲线逼近方法，并对应用这种方法逼近水力机械特性的计算过程进行了研究。研究结果表明，使用基于元胞自动机的曲线逼近方法逼近水力机械的特性，与整体的曲线逼近方法相比，所得到的逼近结果，具有计算精度高，能够真实反映水力机械特性的特点，可以用于水力机械的控制和优化运行等方面。     

梅迪-维斯纳病毒研究进展

梅迪-维斯纳病毒又称绵羊进行性肺炎病毒,是绵羊进行性肺炎的病原,属于逆转录病毒科、慢病毒属.其致病过程与人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)相似,因此可以作为HIV感染的动物的研究模型.论文综述了梅迪一维斯纳病毒的病原学,阐述了致病机理、免疫逃避机理及引起宿主的免疫反应,并对未来的防控研究工作进行展望.     

牛膝细胞转化苗的田间培植

经过近1年的实验室工作,于1997年5月得到发育良好的牛膝细胞转化苗.1997年6月将室内培植14日的6棵幼苗移栽至田间.种植1O日后去弱保留3棵.1997年1O月收获种子.一部分留样,一部分于1998年5月进行田间播种,扩大种植.